Concept 1: Research Skills for History PO 1. Construct charts, graphs, and narratives using historical data. PO 2. Interpret historical data displayed in graphs, tables, and charts. PO 3. Construct timelines (e.g., presidents/ world leaders, key events, people) of the historical era being studied. PO 4. Formulate questions that can be answered by historical study and research. PO 5. Describe the difference between a
primary source document and a secondary source document and the relationships between them. PO 6. Determine the credibility and bias of primary and secondary sources PO 7. Analyze cause and effect relationships between and among individuals and/or historical events. PO 8. Analyze two points of view on the same historical event. _____________________
Concept 4: Revolution and New Nation (Note: The American Revolution was taught in Grade 5. The Foundations and Structure of American Government are taught in Grade 8, Strand 3.) PO 1. Analyze the following events which led to the American Revolution:
- Tea Act
- Stamp Act
- Boston Massacre
- Intolerable Acts
- Declaration of Independence
PO 2. Describe the significance of key events of the Revolutionary War:
- major battles (e.g., Lexington, Saratoga, Trenton)
- aid from France
- surrender at Yorktown
PO 3. Describe the impact of the following key individuals on the Revolutionary War:
- Benjamin Franklin
- Thomas Jefferson
- George Washington
- Patrick Henry
- Thomas Paine
- King George III
PO 4. Describe the significance of the following documents: Independence b. Articles of Confederation c. Constitution d. Bill of Rights
PO 5. Explain the influence of the following individuals in the establishment of a new government:
- Thomas Jefferson
- James Madison
- John Adams
- Benjamin Franklin
PO 6. Describe how one nation evolved from thirteen colonies:
- Constitutional Convention
- George WashingtonÕs presidency
- creation of political parties (e.g., Federalists, Whigs, Democratic-Republicans)
Concept 8: Great Depression and World War II (Note: The Great Depression was taught in Grade 7 and World War II in Arizona was introduced in Grade 4.)) PO 1. Review the impact of the Great Depression on the United States. PO 2. Explain how Pearl Harbor led to United States involvement in World War II. PO 3. Explain the impact of World War II on economic recovery from the Great Depression. PO 4. Explain how the following factors affected the U.S. home front during World War II:
- war bond drives
- war industry
- women and minorities in the work force
- rationing
- internment of Japanese-, German-, and Italian -Americans
PO 5. Describe ArizonaÕs contributions to the war effort: a. Native American Code Talkers b. Ira Hayes c. mining d. training bases e. POW and internment camps PO 6. Summarize the United StatesÕ role in the following events:
- D-day invasion
- battles of the Pacific
- development and use of the atomic bomb
- V-E Day / V-J Day
PO 7. Analyze the following individualsÕ significance to World War II:
- Franklin D. Roosevelt
- Dwight Eisenhower
- George Patton
- Douglas MacArthur
- Harry Truman
- Eleanor Roosevelt
_________________ Concept 9: Postwar United States PO 1. Describe the following origins of the Cold War:
- Western fear of communist expansion
- Soviet fear of capitalist influences
- development of nuclear weapons
- Truman Doctrine
PO 2. Describe the impact of the Cold War on the United States:
- McCarthyism
- arms race
- space race
- Cuban Missile Crisis
- creation of the CIA
PO 3. Identify the role of the United States in the Korean War:
- Communist containment
- military involvement
- resolution of conflict
PO 4. Identify the role of the United States in the Vietnam Conflict:
- containment of Communism Ð Domino Theory
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
- Tet Offensive
- anti-war protests
- Vietnam Peace Accords
PO 5. Describe life (e.g., transportation, communication, technology, medical, entertainment, growth of suburbs) in the U.S. during the Post War period. PO 6. Describe the importance of the following civil rights issues and events:
- Jim Crow Laws
- nonviolent protests
- desegregation
- Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
_________________ Concept 10: Contemporary United States PO 1. Describe events (e.g., opening of foreign relations with China, Watergate, resignation) of the presidency of Richard Nixon. PO 2. Describe events (e.g., succession to presidency, pardoning of Nixon) of the presidency of Gerald Ford. PO 3. Describe events (e.g., Camp David Peace Accords, Iran Hostage Crisis) of the presidency of Jimmy Carter.
PO 4. Describe events (e.g., Star Wars, Iran-Contra Affair) of the presidency of Ronald Reagan. PO 5. Describe events (e.g., Persian Gulf War, Berlin Wall falls) of the presidency of George H.W. Bush. PO 6. Describe events (e.g., economic growth, impeachment) of the presidency of William Clinton. PO 7. Describe events (e.g., September 11 Terrorist Attacks, Afghanistan, Iraq War) of the presidency of George W. Bush. PO 8. Describe current events using information from class discussions and various resources (e.g., newspapers, magazines, television, Internet, books, maps). PO 9. Identify the connection between current and historical events and issues studied at this grade level using information from class discussions and various resources (e.g., newspapers, magazines, television,
Internet, books, maps). PO 10. Describe how key political, social, geographic, and economic events of the late 20th century and early 21st century affected, and continue to affect, the United States.
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Concept 1: Research Skills for History PO 1. Construct charts, graphs and narratives using historical data. PO 2. Interpret historical data displayed in graphs, tables, and charts. PO 3. Construct timelines (e.g., presidents/ world leaders, key events, people) of the historical era being studied. PO 4. Formulate hhhscquestions that can be answered by historical study and research. PO 5. Describe the difference between a primary source document and a secondary source document and the relationships btw them. PO 6. Determine the credibility and bias of primary and secondary sources PO 7. Analyze cause and effect relationships between and among individuals and/or historical events. PO 8. Analyze two points of view on the same historical event. ______________________
Concept 8: World at War (Note: WW I was taught in Grade 7.) PO 1. Review the rise of totalitarianism in Europe following World War I. PO 2. Analyze the major causes of World War
II: resources by Japan
- b. political ideologies of
- Fascism and Nazism
c. resentment toward the Treaty of Versailles PO 3. Trace the series of invasions and conquests in the European and Pacific Theaters in World War II. PO 4. Describe the following events leading to the Allied victory:
- D-Day Invasion
- Battle of the Bulge
- Japanese defeat in Iwo Jima and Okinawa
- atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
PO 5. Describe how racism and intolerance contributed to the Holocaust. PO 6. Summarize each of the following outcomes of World War II:
- redrawing of political boundaries in Europe
- tensions leading to Cold War
- formation of the United Nations
- beginning of atomic age
- rebuilding of Japan
PO 7. Compare the rebuilding of Japan with the rebuilding of Germany following World War II. PO 8. Describe the following events resulting from World War II:
- Nuremburg Trial
- Marshall Plan
- NATO / Warsaw Pact
- creation of United Nations
- creation of Israel
PO 9. Describe the spread of Communism after World War II:
- China Ð Mao Tse-tung and Chinese Revolution
- Korea Ð 38th parallel and division of country
- Cuba Ð Fidel Castro and Cuban Missile Crisis
- Vietnam Ð Ho Chi Minh
PO 10. Describe the impact of the Cold War (i.e., creation of the Iron Curtain, arms race, space race) that led to global competition. PO 11. Describe the following events of the Korean War:
- Chinese involvement
- U.N. police actions
- containment of Communism
- partition of Korea at the 38th Parallel
PO 12. Describe how the following impacted the Vietnam War:
- historical relationship of China and Vietnam
- French Indochina War
- containment of Communism
- Ho Chi Minh Trail
- conflict resolution
PO 13. Examine the fall of Communism and the unification of European nations:
- Germany Ð reunification, Berlin Wall torn down
- Russia Ð Gorbachev, Glasnost and Perestroika
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Ð countries regained independence
- European Union formed
PO 14. Describe the following events in the Middle East during the 20th and 21st centuries:
- creation of Israel
- conflicts between Israeli and Palestinian governments
- Camp David Peace Treaty
- Persian Gulf War
- Iraq War
PO 15. Compare independence movements in various parts of the world (e.g., India/ Pakistan, Latin America, Africa, Asia) during the 20th century. PO 16. Examine human rights issues during the 20th century (e.g., Apartheid, genocide, famine, disease). __________________ Concept 9: Contemporary World PO 1. Describe current events using information from class discussions and various resources (e.g., newspapers, magazines, television, Internet, books, maps).
PO 2. Identify the connection between current and historical events and issues studied at this grade level using information from class discussions and various resources (e.g., newspapers, magazines, television, Internet, books, maps). PO 3. Analyze how world events of the late 20th century and early 21st century affected, and continue to affect, the social, political, geographic, and economic climate of the world (e.g., terrorism, globalization, conflicts, interdependence, natural disasters, advancements in science and technology and environmental issues).
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Concept 1: Foundations of Government PO 1. Describe how the following philosophies and documents influenced the creation of the Constitution:
- Magna Carta
- English Bill of Rights
- MontesquieuÕs separation of power
- John LockeÕs theories Ð natural law, social contract
- Mayflower Compact
- Declaration of Independence
- Articles of Confederation
PO 2. Analyze the purpose (e.g., weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation) and outcome (e.g., compromises) of the Constitutional Convention. PO 3. Analyze the struggle (e.g., FederalistsÕ Papers, Bill of Rights) between the federalists and the anti-federalists over the ratification of the Constitution. __________________
Concept 2: Structure of Government PO 1. Describe the following principles on which the Constitution (as the Supreme Law of the Land) was founded:
- federalism (i.e., enumerated, reserved, and concurrent powers)
- popular sovereignty
- Separation of Powers
- checks and balances
- limited government
- flexibility (i.e., Elastic Clause, amendment process)
PO 2. Differentiate the roles and powers of the three branches of the federal government. PO 3. Explain the electoral process (e.g., primary and general elections, electoral college). PO 4. Explain how a
candidate can be elected president (e.g., Adams-Jackson, Hayes-Tilden, Bush-Gore) without receiving a majority of popular vote. PO 5. Describe the line of succession to the presidency as stated in the 25th Amendment. _____________________
Concept 3: Functions of Government PO 1. Compare the ways the federal and Arizona governments operate:
- three branches
- Constitution
- election process (e.g., congressional and legislative districts, propositions, voter registration)
PO 2. Compare the process of how a bill becomes a law at the federal and state level. PO 3. Describe the following forms of direct democracy in Arizona:
- initiative
- referendum
- recall process
PO 4. Compare the roles and relationships of different levels of government (e.g., federal, state, county, city/town, tribal). PO 5. Describe the significance of the Amendments to the Constitution. PO 6. Compare the adult and juvenile
criminal justice systems. PO 7. Summarize the significance of the following Supreme Court cases:
- Marbury v. Madison
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- Brown v. Board of Education
- Gideon v. Wainright
- Miranda v. Arizona
- Korematsu v. United
States
PO 8. Describe the impact of the following executive orders and decisions: a. Executive Order 9066 Ð creation of internment camps on U.S. soil b. Manhattan Project c. use of Atomic Bomb PO 9. Describe the impact that the following Acts had on increasing the rights of groups and individuals: a. Civil Rights Act of 1964 b. Voting Rights Act of 1965 c. Indian Rights Act of 1968 d. Americans with Disabilities Act __________________ Concept 4: Rights, Responsibilities, and Roles of Citizenship PO 1.
Describe the benefits of community service. PO 2. Discuss the character traits (e.g., respect, responsibility, fairness, involvement) that are important to the preservation and improvement of constitutional democracy in the United States PO 3. Describe the importance of citizens being actively involved in the democratic process (i.e., voting, student government, involvement in political decision making, analyzing issues, petitioning public officials).
PO 4. Explain the obligations and responsibilities of citizenship:
- upholding the Constitution
- obeying the law
- paying taxes
- registering for selective service
- jury duty
PO 5. Describe the impact that the following had on rights for individuals and groups:
- Jim Crow Laws Ð literacy test, poll taxes, Grandfather Clause
- Civil Rights Movement (i.e., Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa Parks)
- desegregation - military, schools, transportation, sports
- United Farm Workers (i.e., César Chavez)
- National Organization for Women (NOW) Ð Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
_____________________ Concept 5: Government Systems of the World (Note: Students were introduced to different forms of government in Grades 6 and 7.) PO 1. Compare the different world governments and ideologies:
- dictatorship
- totalitarian (fascist, Nazis)
- democracy
- Socialism
- Communism
PO 2. Explain U.S. and world foreign policies leading to the Cold War:
- Truman Doctrine
- NATO
- Warsaw Pact
- Marshall Plan
PO 3. Identify U.S. and world foreign policies (e.g., economic sanctions, arms reduction agreements) resulting from the Cold War. |
Concept 1: The World in Spatial Terms --------------PO 1. Construct maps, charts, and graphs to display geographic information. PO 2. Identify purposes and differences of maps, globes, aerial photographs, charts, and satellite images. PO 3. Interpret maps, charts, and geographic databases using geographic information. PO 4. Locate physical and cultural features (e.g., continents, cities, countries, bodies of water, landforms, mountain ranges, climate zones) throughout the world. PO 5. Interpret thematic maps, graphs, charts, and databases depicting various aspects of the United States and world
regions. (Apply to regions studied.) __________________
Concept 2: Places and Regions PO 1. Identify common characteristics of contemporary and historical regions on the basis of climate, landforms, ecosystems, and culture. PO 2. Explain the factors that contribute to political and social change in various world regions (e.g., USSR/Russia, Israel, European Union, China, Korea, Germany). PO 3. Examine relationships and interactions (e.g., Middle East Conflicts, NATO, European Union) among regions. PO 4. Identify how the role of the media, images, and advertising influences the perception of a place. PO5. Describe how a place changes over time. (Connect with content studied.) _____________________ Concept 3: Physical Systems (Science Strands are summarized below as they apply to Social Studies content in Grades K-8. These concepts are reinforced in Social Studies classes, but assessed through Science.) Connect with: Science Strand 3 Concept 1 Analyze risk factors of and possible solutions to chemical and biological hazards. _____________________
Concept 4: Human Systems PO 1. Identify the push and pull factors (e.g., economic conditions, human rights conditions, famines, political strife/wars, natural disasters, changes in technology) that drive human migrations. PO 2. Describe the effects (e.g., economic, environmental, cultural, political) of human migrations on places and regions. PO 3. Describe the characteristics and locations of various cultures throughout the world. PO 4. Identify the factors (e.g., breakup of USSR, unification of Germany, cheap labor forces, outsourcing of services, oil industry) that influence the location, distribution and interrelationships of economic activities in different regions. PO 5. Explain how cooperation contributes to political, economic, and social organization (e.g., United Nations, European Union, NAFTA). PO 6. Describe the aspects of culture (e.g., literacy, occupations, clothing, property rights) related to beliefs and understandings that influence the economic, social, and political activities of men and women. PO 7. Describe how changes in technology, transportation, communication, and resources affect economic development. __________________
Concept 5: Environment and Society PO 1. Describe how (e.g., deforestation, desertification) humans modify ecosystems. PO 2. Describe why (e.g., resources, economic livelihood) humans modify ecosystems. PO 3. Explain how changes in
the natural environment can increase or diminish its capacity to support human activities. PO 4. Explain how technology positively and negatively affects the environment. PO 5. Analyze changing ideas and viewpoints on the best use of natural resources (e.g., value of oil, water use, forest management). PO 6. Explain how societies and governments plan for and respond to natural disasters (e.g., evacuation routes,
changing farming techniques, warning systems). ___________________ Concept 6: Geographic Applications PO 1. Describe ways geographic features and conditions influence history. (Connect to time periods studied as well as current
events.) PO 2. Describe ways different groups of people (i.e., Native Americans, Hispanics, retirees) create and shape the same environment. PO 3. Use geographic knowledge and skills (e.g., recognizing patterns, mapping, graphing) when discussing current events.
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